a one gallon mylar bag loaded with approx 4 lbs of a good pack like rice or small bean/peas is 1 1/2 to 2 inches thick and a very flexible 11 inches square ...
you can stack at least 6 of the 1 gallon bags thru the middle of the bucket (13 1/2 inch tall by 11 inch diameter /5 gallon bucket) .... there's enough side bucket void for another 4 of the 1/2 gallon bags .... that's an approx 32 pound bucket pack ....
again, you can pack the voids with something like loose rice .... it'll fill all the small voids and the headspace left at the top of the bucket .... something like another pound or so
But if you pack the voids with loose rice, that rice isn't being protected for LTS.
I doubt you can get more than 25# or so in a 5-gallon bucket using the 1-gallon bag approach. I can get 33# in the bucket using a single 5-gallon bag.
I am not sure what the fascination is with using 1-gallon bags. Food in an opened 5-gallon bucket isn't suddenly going to go bad in a week; it will last just about as long as it would if you'd bought it fresh and left it sitting on your shelf.
When I first started prepping and was interested in using 1-gallon bags, I had this idea (misguided though it was) that I'd use those bags in barter and trading. Only later did I realize how foolish that was on two fronts: not only will I be unlikely to trade food directly, I could always if I wanted simply transfer food from a 5-gallon bucket to another container.
This all sounds to me like trying to make a bad idea work. I wish someone could explain the advantage of using 1-gallon bags in lieu of 5-gallon bags, given the price, additional bucket cost, and additional space requirements needed.